There were two similar models of heavy 120 mm guns*
in the Polish Army: wz.1878/09/31 (32 guns)*
and wz.1878/10/31 (8 guns), differing in carriages.*
*
They were created in Poland, by merging barrels*
of French old 120 mm Mle 1878 De Bange guns with*
newer carriages from captured Russian 152 mm *
Schneider howitzers M1909 and M1910.*
"31" stood for a year of modernization.*
*
36 guns took part in World War II, in three Heavy*
Artillery Detachments, 12 in each, in four-gun*
batteries. *
Two horse-drawn detachments fought in Warsaw*
defence, while a motorized 6th detachment fought*
in south-eastern Poland, near Chelm and Zamosc*
(towed by C4P halftracks, with ruber tires).*
*
24 captured guns were next sold by the Germans*
to Finland.*
*
_____________[description by PIBWL]*
