[dogscoff]

Everything in your post is correct: You get one level per component that is higher than your current tech.

Note that in your example, analysing a ship with 2x DUC V on one ship will not get you 2 levels. It only gets you one.

however, if for some reason the ship had 1xDUC IV and 1xDUC V, then you'd get 2 levels.

However, you no longer get 1 level from the hull and one from the fighter bays on a carrier. That has been fixed.

And yes, damaged components cannot be analysed.