Is there any way to allow Bases to provide supply for ships? I found in settings.txt a true false statment for bases and fleets pertaining to supply. I think I could use that.
Yes, just set that value to true, and you can fleet ships and bases together to resupply the ships. Alternatively, you could take a cue from Suicide Junkie's (unfortunately little-played) P&N PBW mod and set all the base hulls to be ships with built-in supply storage, so even bases could need resupplying! A third idea, though I'm not sure if this would work, is to give bases the ability that Resupply Depots have (what is it, "Supplies Ships in Sector" or something?). If you do use SJ's idea, though, I think you'll have to resize the Space Station and fiddle with the weapon mounts so that you can still use the base mounts on bases-that-are-really-ships
What is the lowest amount one can use for tonnage/space of a component? Is it atleast 1? Can I put in say, 0.5 or 0.2?
Zero, actually. While fractional values aren't allowed, you CAN have zero-sized components. This means you can have an infinite number of them on any ship design (unless you set One/Two/etc. Per Ship), so you'd better give them some sort of limitation like being practically useless except in huge, highly expensive quantities - see Adamant Mod's "Structural Support" components for an example. If you do set the limit per ship, they could be used, however, as "essential" systems that every ship is going to have exactly one of; MOO2 did some systems like engines that way; you could only have 1 engine per ship and you needed 1 to move, so its engines didn't take up any space.
Can Racial Specific tech be traded? I know it can't be researched if captured. Race tech can only be use if captured on the ship it's on, and I don't think it can be repaired, correct?
It can be traded/captured IF it has a direct prerequisite tech that is NOT race-specific, or if the trading/capturing empire has the same trait. So if you add "Biology" as a requirement to Organic Armor, then Organic Armor should become tradeable/captureable (IIRC).