to replicant:
The troop problem seems to be one of the most important design failures of SE4. Not only the dropping of troops is not well thought out, the whole complex of ground combat is somewhat designed careless. I hope that MM will soon release a patch which adresses this problem.
planet construction & renaming systems: I agree fully
Population transports: this is IMO not a big problem. The limit is only the amount of cargo space you ship has. If you dont want to transport so many people with one ship, use escorts

for population transport.
A second solution could be to edit the cargo component.
Or imagine that 1 transport is in (your) reality a whole squadron of large cargo vessels, which is represented by one icon.
to wingte:
interchangeable bays are surely a bug. Should be fixed in the final release I think.