[Alneyan]

The only point of using both a Master Computer (which is not a Bridge component incidentally, and has a separate ability from Bridge/Life Support/Crew Quarter) and the regular components is if you are wary of Computer Viruses. Otherwise a simple Master Computer will do the trick.

Adding a Master Computer instead of only Bridge/Life Supports/Crew Quarters helps to reduce the space taken by such components, and to protect you from the Psychic special weapons. Having both the Master Computer and a set of B/LS/CQ is as expensive as having only a living crew for Baseships, and more costly for smaller ships, but it will save you some space on your ships.