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If they spin too fast then rocks on the surface will be swung off by the centrifugal force, and the asteroid breaks up.
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That's my point. To generage 1G of centripetal, the astroid would fly apart, or be so big that you wouldn't need to hollow out the core.
E=MC^2 does not take into account gravitational physics. Einstien couldn't figure out exactly how it played into it.
It is my belief that mass contributes to the natural spin of a body in space-time, up to a certain equilibrium point.
Even though you are correct that initially adding mass to Ceres would cause it to slow down, equilibrium would be reached over time and it would naturally speed up by gravitational physics up to a certain point of equilibrium.
Adding too much mass would obviously cause Ceres to spin down too quickly and the weakened gravity well would essentially force Ceres apart.
What I'm essentially saying is that the faster mass moves, the greater the gravity effect - up to a certain point of course where centripetal force starts to overcome object's structural integrity. This is all due to the increase in mass as energy is converted to mass to move something faster.
By forcing Ceres to spin faster, that balance is offset, and eventually cetripetal force will fly it apart. Mathematically, for purposes of this coin idea, I can guestimate that the centripetal force of a spinning body can never be greater than its optimal gravitational force (and structural integrity).
In short, by the time you could spin Ceres to 1G centripetal force, its would fly apart as 1G of centripetal force would be greater than the escape velocity of the surface which is dependent on the equilibrium of 0.03Gs (guessing its 0.03Gs) generated by Ceres.
That 0.03G is what is holding Ceres together. Force Ceres to spin at a 1G centripetal rate, and you can imagine the concequence.