[Alneyan]

The Quantum Reactor ability resupplies all ships in the fleet at the end of the turn (and the ship having this ability will not run out of supplies, except perhaps if it cannot store any supply) It is used for ships, unlike the "Resupply all ships in sector", used for facilities.

The Minesweeping ability allows this component to sweep X mines, where X should be the number of mines per sector.

The Destroy Black Hole ability is used to destroy a Star and make a Black Hole in its stead, while the Stop Black Hole Creator prevents this component working in the system it is located. (The System Gravitational Shield thingie has this ability in the vanilla game, along with the other "Stop [a Stellar Manipulation component] from working")

And Lastly, a Life Support ability is needed if the ship requires Life Supports. Having no such component when the ship requires them slow down your ship by a certain factor. (You lose 2/3 of your speed or something along these lines, as I don't quite recall the figure for this one. But when all your Life Supports are gone, your ship should have more pressing concerns than speed I guess.)