[Q]

There was quite some confusion about which weapons could damage which planet and why not.
I made some more test in SE V 1.33, standard game (except weapons mod listed below), combat simulator, full technology:

Weapons used: depleted uranium cannon (DUC), anti-proton beam (APB). Point blank strategy.

Results:

DUC (range 80): no damage to ringed large planet
normal damage to unringed large planet
APB (range 90): normal damage to both ringed and unringed large planet

So far no news.

Next modded ranges:

DUC modded to range 110 or more: normal damage to both ringed and unringed large planets
DUC modded to range 100: several hits on ringed large planets, but less than with 110
DUC modded to range 90: only 1 sigle hit to large ringed planet
APB modded to range 30: normal damage to both ringed and unringed large planets

So for APB range is not important, however for DUC it is.

Last test with exchanged lines:

Weapon Display Type := Beam
Weapon Space Display Effect Name := Beam 10
Weapon Ground Display Effect Name := Beam 10
for DUC range 80: normal damage to both ringed and unringed large planets.

and for APB
Weapon Display Type := Bolt
Weapon Space Display Effect Name := Bolt 2
Weapon Ground Display Effect Name := Bolt 2
range 90: only 1 hit to large ringed planet
range 30: no damage to unringed large planet but 1 single hit to tiny unringed planet

Conclusion:

It is primaryly the weapon display type := Bolt that causes the bug.

If the weapon display type is bolt then the range of the weapon and the size of the attacked planet matter. Ringed planets would need a much larger weapon range to be effective than unringed planets of the same size.