The AI can do all sorts of crazy things. I created a race called the Cheaters a while back that uses AI tricks to do things like add 10 engines to a design, multiple space yard components, mine warheads on ships.
Here's the link if you want to take a look at it:
The Cheaters AI
It has a few resource management issues, but it's fun to play against a computer opponent who doesn't follow the standard rules.