Ok Kowk, here to put in my two cents:
--:Federation:--
1: Add a smaller size drone, call it a probe, give it just enough space for one or two engines and long range scanner.
--
ominion:--
1: I think Ketracil white facilities should give bonuses to ship combat insystem (without the Jemhadar would be unable to run the ships)
2: The Dominion should have cloning facilities that increase the rate at which population grows and then there reproduction shuold be set extremely low.
--:Ferengi:--
1: Give them some sort of facility that gives them Ultra - Recycler ablities.
2: Have you thought about giving them a component that reduces ship cost? I think it would fit for them
--:borg:--
1: Give them a crew converter (change the name to assimilation drones or somthing), this would make them even more devestating and more like the borg from TNG.
2: Here is how I would do the borg shields, make them weaker than everybody elses but make it so they regenerate fully in one turn.
3: Give them troops that are extremely hard to kill (very high damage resistance) but don't do a ton of damage. This would allow a representation of the borg attempting to assimilate a planet instead of just conquering it and aliens putting up resistance.
--:General Components:--
1: Explorer bridge (-10 offense, -10 defense, +1 movement, maint reduction)
2: Plus two repair on engineering is a bit high, you might want to think about reducing it.
3: I would remove the shield regenorators. It seemed in TNG once shields were down you were screwed.
4: You might want to increase construction time for ships. It seems to take a long time to build ships.
5: My idea for a deflector: Every ship must have (don't know if this is possible) provides 2 shield generation and 2 shield regeneration.