The "more info" button sometimes appears on a new installer in W10. And 8.1 which I run here. Some of the ones Don sent me for test did that. others did not.
I have had this - a big blue "screen of death"
There is an OK button to exit it, and the more info is a
link hidden in the text of the screen, which you have to notice, and press and
then you get the option to run it anyway. Which the BSOD seems only to give you the one option (of quitting) due to the one button it displays to you. "Windows smartscreen" as Don said, and its not too smart the way it preents your options, IMHO.
As to your problem - you seem to have installed a patch (or all of them) to a different folder from the base game.
It's exactly the same error some guy had who only downloaded the consolidation patch and tried to run that, as he had not realised that he had to download the base game and apply the patches, in ascending order, on top of the base game (i.e. with the same file path used in all the installer runs).
It is also a similar problem post-vista if someone installs to the \program files\ folder. Since program files is "managed" by windows post vista, it then applies subsequent patches into a "user" folder for the current user and
not into the original one in program files, then tries to run the partial install so created from that "user" folder... Which is why we put in the new path that does not go inside the program files hierarchy. (NB I had some older games that also reacted well to being installed to a "c:\games\.." folder instead of program files. And an older development environment too - Delphi 3. So its not just us that "new windows" messes up!
)
So - is this problem appearing when you try to run the installer? - In which case, see the "Windows smartscreen" above. Find the underlined more options (or however worded) link, and the option to run it anyway appears. that will make the installer work.
Otherwise - assuming the installer works, and you have used the exact same path, then you may have downloaded a corrupt version from the site. Re-download that, and also download it to a different target folder (in case there is a dodgy disk sector etc). Try running the new copy of the patch installer and if it all works OK - it may be time to run windows disk utility to check for lost sectors since your HD may need a cleanup.