[Suicide Junkie]

In combat, the only thing that uses up supplies is firing the guns...
So if you send enough suicide ships in a single month for the enemy to run out of ammo, then yes, you can deplete their supplies...

Given 6 engines x500 supplies = 3000 supplies...
Assuming 10 supplies per shot, and 40 damage per shot, that gives you 12k damage you must dodge or absorb per month per enemy ship.

Next month, they'll be given more from the QR ship, and you'll have to start over.