It seems to me that Lebanon is at least partly to blame. If terrorists in a neighbouring country are launching rockets at you and that country doesn't attempt or is unable to stop them it can only be expected you take things into your own hands.
Who won the war? No one did! All sides lost more than they gained.
Stay tuned for the next war same place within a decade.
Oddly enough, Israel is probably the cause of more peace in the Middle East than war. They are strong enough that other don’t attack them lightly. They give the other Middle East groups something other than each other to focus on. Do you think for a second that if Israel suddenly disappeared that there would be peace in the Middle East?