I ran across this and thought of the SE4 Space Vikings ship set:
"It is hard to imagine anything more in keeping with the adventuring spirit of our ancestors than the thrust into space. Odin's questing for wisdom shows us the way, and the voice of great Thor can be heard in the rocket's blast. Without a frontier, we sons and daughters of the Northland wilt and decline. It's time to affirm the vertical frontier!"
- Steven McNallen
Well, there were the two Viking missions to Mars, and IIRC some satellites were launched in the 60's using Thor IRBMs as boosters. Overall, though, the Norse have been overshadowed by the Greeks and Romans in the US space program (Atlas ICBM, Mercury, Gemini, & Apollo programs, etc.).