Tech "trading" question

[JurijD]

It is my understanding that one can trade technology (if direct tech trading is disabled) by gifting your allies a ship that has componetns on it.

1. And if I understand the rules of this correctly then when you analyze a gifted ship you get one new tech level for every UNIQUE componet you don´t have. So if you don´t have Phased polaron yet and you analyze a ship that has Phased polaron I, II, III, IV and V on it, your tech level on Phased polaron increases to level 5... Right?

2. what happenes if the player getting the ship with the 5 different polarons on it didn´t research Physics to a level that enabled him to research Polaron by himself yet... will he get Phased polaron up to level 5 upon analyzing the ship anyway or is that extra level needed to get to the right physics level used up... so he gets 1 more physics level and polaron up to level 4?

3. What about techs that don´t have ship componets on them. Say Relegious technology where you have 4 levels but only the Last one is a componet (Religious talisman). What happenes if your ally gifts you a planet that has structures on it you don´t have (and you are religious too)... say he has a planet with War Shrine I,II and III on it and gives you that planet... would you acquire thech level III in Religious Technology?

4. If not... is there any way to "trade" this technology withouth enabeling the tech trade option?