They are randomly added and there is no VP victory setting. Controlling a prov with one is like having a 5 dominion temple, that's all.
On the starting locs, I tried to keep as many land starting locs as close to having 3 (no less) good land provs adjacent as possible. A few have 4, but not many. I figure the adjacent water provs is a mixed bag; you actually have to wrest them away from the water nations, and said water nations can also directly assail your capital from the sea. Of course, that's not so bad for LA atlantis, but the game forces them to start by a coast regardless. If anyone does have any complaints, I wish they would have given input during the couple days I was posting versions of the map and discussing it with Numahr
As far as a pic of the starting locs is concerned, I posted it awhile ago.
Here it is!